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Anidulafungin (LY303366)



Trade & Generic Names & General Features


Anidulafungin (previously known as LY303366 and briefly also referred to as VER-002 and V-echinocandin) is a glucan synthesis inhibitor of the echinocandin structural class. It is composed of the echinocandin B nucleus with a terphenyl head group and a C5 tail.

Anidulafungin has been developed by Eli Lilly Pharmaceuticals. It has recently been licensed to Versicor for development as a parenteral agent. It is currently in clinical trials. Its trade name has not been announced.

anidulafungin structure

Mechanism(s) of Action


As with other echinocandins, anidulafungin blocks the synthesis of a major fungal cell wall component, 1-3-beta glucan, presumably via inhibition of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase [1143].



Anidulafungin is active in vitro against Candida spp. However, anidulafungin MICs for C. parapsilosis and C. guilliermondii are relatively higher than those for the other species. It has been shown to be fungicidal against some isolates of C. albicans and C. glabrata [1609] [2066].

Anidulafungin does not have significant activity against Cryptococcus neoformans. Similarly, its activity against Blastomyces dermatitidis, Sporothrix schenckii, Trichosporon beigelii, Acremonium strictum, Rhizopus arrhizus, Fusarium spp. and Phialophora spp. is limited. Anidulafungin MICs for Histoplasma capsulatum, Cladophialophora bantiana, Pseudallescheria boydii, and Bipolaris spp. are also relatively high [616] [2066].

As with caspofungin, activity of anidulafungin against Aspergillus spp. has been investigated by using a distinctive parameter, "minimum effective concentration" (MEC), as well as MIC [1145]. Anidulafungin MECs for Aspergillus are in an acceptable range and lower than the MICs [1607] [1502].

For anidulafungin MICs obtained for various types of fungi, see susceptibility patterns and the susceptibility database.

Usual Doses


Typical doses for anidulafungin are not yet known.

Side-Effects

Results of the clinical trials have not yet been reported.

Routes


It has oral and intravenous formulations.

Current Status


Anidulafungin is undergoing Phase II clinical trials.





References

616. Espinel-Ingroff, A. 1998. Comparison of in vitro activities of the new triazole SCH56592 and the echinocandins MK-0991 (L-743,872) and LY303366 against opportunistic filamentous and dimorphic fungi and yeasts. J Clin Microbiol. 36:2950-2956.

1143. Kurtz, M. B., G. Abruzzo, A. Flattery, K. Bartizal, J. A. Marrinan, W. Li, J. Milligan, K. Nollstadt, and C. M. Douglas. 1996. Characterization of echinocandin-resistant mutants of Candida albicans: Genetic, biochemical, and virulence studies. Infect. Immun. 64:3244-3251.

1145. Kurtz, M. B., I. B. Heath, J. Marrinan, S. Dreikorn, J. Onishi, and C. Douglas. 1994. Morphological effects of lipopeptides against Aspergillus fumigatus correlate with activities against (1,3)-b-D-glucan synthase. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 38:1480-1489.

1502. Oakley, K. L., C. B. Moore, and D. W. Denning. 1998. In vitro activity of the echinocandin antifungal agent LY303,366 in comparison with itraconazole and amphotericin B against Aspergillus spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 42:2726-2730.

1607. Pfaller, M. A., F. Marco, S. A. Messer, and R. N. Jones. 1998. In vitro activity of two echinocandin derivatives, LY303366 and MK-0991 (L-743,792), against clinical isolates of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Rhizopus, and other filamentous fungi. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 30:251-255.

1609. Pfaller, M. A., S. A. Messer, and S. Coffman. 1997. In vitro susceptibilities of clinical yeast isolates to a new echinocandin derivatives, LY303366, and other antifungal agents. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41:763-766.

2066. Uzun, O., S. Kocagoz, Y. Cetinkaya, S. Arikan, and S. Unal. 1997. In vitro activity of a new echinocandin, LY303366, compared with those of amphotericin B and fluconazole against clinical yeast isolates. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41:1156-1157.



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